2016建设银行笔试行测考题（24）

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Passage 2

Earlier this month, President Barack Obama of the US and Xi Jinping of China made an important symbolic gesture when they committed their countries, the two largest greenhouse gas emitters, to the Paris climate agreement. It was the clearest signal yet to investors worldwide that they need to think about the implications of global warming for their portfolios.

On Friday afternoon there was an example of what that might mean Mr. Obama’s administration issued an order temporarily blocking construction on a section of the Dakota Access oil pipeline. The move was a response to local concerns raised by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe about potential damage to historic sites and the threats of oil spills. But it is the global issue of climate change that had raised the profile of Dakota Access, making it into a cause célèbre for US environmental campaigners. Bill McKibben of 350.org, which played a key role in the successful effort to stop the Keystone XL pipeline from Canada, has suggested that Mr. Obama could block Dakota Access permanently, on the grounds that it would exacerbate the threat of climate change.

Last month, the White House’s Council on Environmental Quality issued new guidance for federal agencies, making clear that their decisions should take into account “the potential effects of a proposed action on climate change”, and quantify their consequences for greenhouse gas emissions. Dakota Access is intended to carry crude oil 1,172 miles from North Dakota, a centre of the US shale revolution, to Illinois, en route to refineries around America. The case that it would add to global greenhouse gas emission will be harder to make than for Keystone XL, which would have brought crude from the high-emitting oil sands of western Canada, but the campaigners are certain to try.

If Dakota Access is stopped, it will have a significant impact not just on energy Transfer Partners, the company leading the project, but on all North Dakota oil producers and their customers, who will be forced to use more expensive rail transport.

Climate change is now an unavoidable business issue. In an excellent paper last week, BlackRock, the world’s largest fund manager, set out some of the ways that investors can reduce their exposure to the risks and benefit from the opportunities that it creates. The paper is a landmark in the rising awareness of the issue among mainstream investors. It is one thing when a philanthropic fund with assets of a few hundred million takes a stand on climate issues, quite another when the warnings come from a company with about $4.9tn under management. As BlackRock points out, investors’ personal views on climate science are irrelevant. Enough governments and businesses are convinced by the scientific consensus that the threat is real, and are driving regulatory and technological changes that interested in you.

If the world is to reduce the risk of catastrophic global warming to acceptable levels, there will have to be a huge reallocation of capital away from fossil fuels and toward low-emission energy sources. That shift has begun, but it needs to go much further. The transition is not straightforward: for as long as oil is the lifeblood of the world’s transport, pipelines will be needed. But when investors and boards make decisions about projects like Dakota Access, they will have to consider their impact on greenhouse gas emissions. The financial consequences of climate change can no longer be ignored.

1. The best title to the article should be (    ).

A. The catastrophic consequences of climate change

B. US efforts in controlling greenhouse gas emissions

C. Investment threats in a changing climate

D. The world is in danger

【答案】C。主旨大意题，根据首段末句It was the clearest signal yet to investors worldwide…global warming for their portfolios.这是迄今为止对全球投资者最明确的信号，他们需要考虑全球变暖对其投资组合的影响，该句提到了投资者以及气候变化（全球变暖）之间的关系；尾段But when investors and boards make decisions…they will have to consider their impact on greenhouse gas emissions. The financial consequences of climate change can no longer be ignored.投资者和董事会做决策时，不得不考虑他们对温室气体排放的影响，气候变化的经济后果不能再被忽视了，这句话也提到了投资者与气候变化的关系。所以最佳标题应当是C选项：气候变化带来的投资威胁。A选项：气候变化带来的灾难性后果。文章并没有详细叙述气候变化带来的各种后果；B选项：美国对控制温室气体做出的贡献。文章虽提到过几点，但并非文章中心思想；D选项：世界正处在危险之中。语气过重，将气候变化对经济投资带来的影响夸大上升到整个世界。故正确答案是选项C。

2. Which one of the following is not the measure taken by US government to deal with climate change? (    )

A. Stop the Dakota Access permanently.

B. Join the Paris climate agreement.

C. Require federal agencies to take climate change into consideration when making decisions.

D. Suspend the construction of Dakota Access.

【答案】A。是非题，根据题干关键词US government以及A项关键词Dakota Access定位至第二段…Mr. Obama’s administration issued an order temporarily blocking construction on a section of the Dakota Access oil pipeline可知对Dakota Access只是进行一个暂时的停止，所以A选项中的permanently错误，同理D选项中的suspend表述正确。B选项根据关键词Paris climate agreement可以定位至首段第一句话，Earlier this month, President Barack Obama of the US and Xi Jinping of China made an important symbolic gesture…to the Paris climate agreement.可知美国参会了巴黎气候协议，所以B选项正确；C选项根据关键词federal agencies可以定位至第三段首…federal agencies, making clear that their decisions should take into account “the potential effects of a proposed action on climate change”, and quantify their consequences for greenhouse gas emissions.可知他们所做的决定应该考虑气候变化因素，所以选项C正确。故正确答案是选项A。

3. If Dakota Access is blocked permanently, who will be impacted except (    ).

A. The companies that carry out the project

B. Environmental campaigners

C. North Dakota oil producers

D. Consumers

【答案】B。是非题，根据题干关键词Dakota Access以及A项关键词companies、project可以定位至倒数第二段If Dakota Access is stopped, it will have a significant impact not just on energy Transfer Partners, the company leading the project, but on all North Dakota oil producers and their customers, who will be forced to use more expensive rail transport.可知选项ACD的内容都在其中，只有B选项不会受到影响。故正确答案是选项B。

4. What can we learn from Paragraph 5? (    )

A. BlackRock is philanthropic fund that cares about climate change.

B. Investors can take the opportunities brought by climate change.

C. The threat brought by climate change still needs scientific evidence.

D. What investors think of the climate change is very important.

【答案】B。细节题，根据选项B关键词investors定位至第二句话…investors can reduce their exposure to the risks and benefit from the opportunities that it creates.可知投资者可以从气候变化中获益，所以B选项正确。根据A项关键词BlackRock定位至第二句BlackRock, the world’s largest fund manager可知BlackRock是fund manager而不是philanthropic fund，所以A选项错误；C选项根据最后一句话Enough governments and businesses are convinced by the scientific consensus that the threat is real…可知这种威胁已经被确信，不需要更多证据，所以C选项错误；D选项在倒数第二句话提到…investors’ personal views on climate science are irrelevant.可知投资者个人的看法是不重要的，所以D选项错误。故正确答案是选项B。

5. According to the article, which one of the following statements is false? (    )

A. To reduce the risk of global warming, more should be invested on low-emissions energy sources.

B. Climate change is not only a climate issue, but also a business issue.

C. It’s more difficult to quantify the greenhouse gas emissions on the Dakota Access than Keystone XL.

D. US and China will work together to cope with climate change.

【答案】D。是非题，根据选项D关键词US and China定位至首段可知两个国家签署了巴黎协定，但是并未表示二者共同合作，所以选项中的work together、cope with的表述是不准确的，故选项D错误。A选项根据关键词reduce the risk of global warming可以定位至末段尾句If the world is to reduce the risk of catastrophic global warming to acceptable levels, there will have to be a huge reallocation of capital away from fossil fuels and toward low-emission energy sources可知该选项正确；B选项：气候变化不仅仅是一件气候事件，还是商业事件。通过全文浏览可知文章讲述的就是气候变化对经济投资等的影响，所以表述正确；C选项由关键词Dakota Access、Keystone XL定位至第三段最后一句话可知其表述正确。故正确答案是选项D。

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